Control Statements , Simple if statement

Control Statements :

   A program is not a linear sequence of instructions. According to the logic , it may diverge, repeat code or take decisions . The structure of a program which decides the order of program statements execution is called “ Control Structure or Control Statements ”.

Branching :

                         It is called as decision-making statement. These are used when a condition arises in a statement. The various branching statements are :

1.      if statement

2.      switch statement

3.      conditional control statement

1. if statement :

                                The “ if “ statement is a decision making statement which can handle conditions and a group of statements. These are categorized into 4 types. They are

1.      simple if statement

2.      if-else statement

3.      nested if statement

4.      else-if or ladder if statement

1. Simple if statement :

                                When only one condition occurs in a statement , then simple “if” statement is used. The flow chart and the syntax of “ if “ statement are shown below :

Here first of all condition will be checked. If the condition is true, then the statement-1 block will be executed and after execution of this block, statement-2 will be executed. If the condition is false then the statement-2 will be executed directly.

Ex:          #include<stdio.h>

                #include<conio.h>

                void main()

                {

                     float per;

                     char res[5];

                     clrscr();

                     printf(“Enter the percentage:”);

                     scanf(“%f”,&per);

                     if(per>=35)

                     {

                         printf(“\n Result is pass”);

                     }

                     printf(“\n Entered percentage is  %s”,per);

                     getch();

                }